方法级别的Spring Security用法示例

除了身份验证之外, spring security还检查已登录用户的授权。登录后, 将根据用户的ROLE完成授权用户访问资源的操作。

在WebSecurityConfig类中创建用户时, 我们还可以指定用户的ROLE。

在方法上应用的安全性仅限于未授权用户, 并且仅允许真实用户。

让我们来看一个例子。首先通过提供详细信息创建一个Maven项目。

该项目最初看起来像这样：

Spring安全配置

现在, 配置应用程序以防止未经授权和未经身份验证的用户。它需要下面给出的四个Java文件, 创建一个包com.srcmini并将所有这些文件放在其中。

// AppConfig.java

此类用于在视图解析器的帮助下设置视图后缀和前缀。

package com.srcmini;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;  
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;  
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;  
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.EnableWebMvc;  
import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver;  
import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView;  
@EnableWebMvc  
@Configuration  
@ComponentScan({ "com.srcmini.controller.*" })  
public class AppConfig {  
    @Bean  
    public InternalResourceViewResolver viewResolver() {  
        InternalResourceViewResolver viewResolver  
                          = new InternalResourceViewResolver();  
        viewResolver.setViewClass(JstlView.class);  
        viewResolver.setPrefix("/WEB-INF/views/");  
        viewResolver.setSuffix(".jsp");  
        return viewResolver;  
    }  
}

// MvcWebApplicationInitializer.java.java

package com.srcmini;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.support.AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer;  
public class MvcWebApplicationInitializer extends  
        AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer {  
    @Override  
    protected Class<?>[] getRootConfigClasses() {  
        return new Class[] { WebSecurityConfig.class };  
    }  
    @Override  
    protected Class<?>[] getServletConfigClasses() {  
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub  
        return null;  
    }  
    @Override  
    protected String[] getServletMappings() {  
        return new String[] { "/" };  
    }  
}

// SecurityWebApplicationInitializer.java

package com.srcmini;
import org.springframework.security.web.context.*;  
public class SecurityWebApplicationInitializer  
    extends AbstractSecurityWebApplicationInitializer {  
}

// WebSecurityConfig.java

此类用于创建用户并设置其身份验证。当用户要访问应用程序时, 每次都需要登录。

package com.srcmini;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.*;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.method.configuration.EnableGlobalMethodSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;  
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.*;  
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.*;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.User.UserBuilder;  
import org.springframework.security.provisioning.InMemoryUserDetailsManager;
import org.springframework.security.web.util.matcher.AntPathRequestMatcher;  
@EnableWebSecurity  
@ComponentScan("com.srcmini")  
@EnableGlobalMethodSecurity(prePostEnabled=true)
public class WebSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {  
@Bean  
public UserDetailsService userDetailsService() {
	// ensure the passwords are encoded properly
	 UserBuilder users = User.withDefaultPasswordEncoder();
	 InMemoryUserDetailsManager manager = new InMemoryUserDetailsManager();
manager.createUser(users.username("irfan").password("user123").roles("USER").build());
manager.createUser(users.username("admin").password("admin123").roles("ADMIN").build());
	 return manager;
	} 
@Override  
protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {  
	  http.authorizeRequests().
	  antMatchers("/index", "/").permitAll()
	  .antMatchers("/admin", "/user").authenticated()
	  .and()
	  .formLogin()
	  .and()
	  .logout()
	  .logoutRequestMatcher(new AntPathRequestMatcher("/logout"));
}  
}

控制者

创建一个控制器HomeController并将其放入com.srcmini.controller包中。

// HomeController.java

package com.srcmini.controller;
import org.springframework.security.access.prepost.PreAuthorize;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;  
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;  
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
@Controller  
public class HomeController {  
    @RequestMapping(value="/", method=RequestMethod.GET)  
    public String index() {  
        return "index";  
    }  
    @RequestMapping(value="/user", method=RequestMethod.GET)  
    public String user() {  
       return "admin";
    }  
    @RequestMapping(value="/admin", method=RequestMethod.GET)  
    public String admin() {  
        return "admin";  
    }
    // Only, a person having ADMIN role can access this method.
    @RequestMapping(value="/update", method=RequestMethod.GET) 
    @ResponseBody
    @PreAuthorize("hasRole('ROLE_ADMIN')")
    public String update() {  
        return "record updated ";  
    }
}

视图

创建以下视图(JSP页面)以为用户生成输出。将所有视图放入WEB-INF / views文件夹。

// index.jsp

<html>  
<head>  
<title>Home Page</title>  
</head>  
<body>  
Welcome to srcmini! <br> <br>
Login as: 
<a href="admin">Admin</a> <a href="user">User</a>
</body>  
</html>

// admin.jsp

<html>  
<head>  
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">  
<title>Home Page</title>  
</head>  
<body>  
<span style="color: green">Login Successful!</span> ? <a href="logout" style="text-decoration: none;">logout</a>  <br> <br>
<a href="update" style="text-decoration: none;">Update Record</a>
</body>  
</html>

包依赖

以下是创建此项目所需的依赖项。

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>com.srcmini</groupId>
  <artifactId>springmethod</artifactId>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>war</packaging>
  <properties>  
    <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>  
    <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>  
</properties>  
<dependencies>  
  <dependency>  
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>  
            <version>5.0.2.RELEASE</version>  
        </dependency>  
        <dependency>  
        <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>  
        <artifactId>spring-security-web</artifactId>  
        <version>5.0.0.RELEASE</version>  
    </dependency>  
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-security-core</artifactId>
    <version>5.0.4.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.security/spring-security-config -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-security-config</artifactId>
    <version>5.0.4.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-beans -->
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/javax.servlet-api -->  
<dependency>  
    <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>  
    <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>  
    <version>3.1.0</version>  
    <scope>provided</scope>  
</dependency>  
<dependency>  
    <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>  
    <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>  
    <version>1.2</version>  
</dependency>  
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-framework-bom -->
</dependencies>  
  <build>  
    <plugins>  
        <plugin>  
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>  
            <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>  
            <version>2.6</version>
			       <configuration>  
                <failOnMissingWebXml>false</failOnMissingWebXml>  
            </configuration>  
        </plugin>  
    </plugins>  
  </build>  
</project>

项目结构

添加以上所有文件后, 我们的项目如下所示：

运行服务器

输出

首次以ADMIN身份登录

登录后,

单击更新记录, 然后看到记录已更新, 因为用户的角色是ADMIN。

用户登录

现在, 以用户身份登录。

现在, 单击更新记录, 查看服务器由于用户角色为USER而拒绝访问。